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Talking about bone health often discusses the fragility of bone in the elderly. Bone health in childhood and adolescence is sometimes forgotten. In fact, the future of our bones actually determined precisely at these times.

Eating one of the important bone-forming elements, namely calcium, like the opening of deposit. We kept since childhood and adolescence as security in old age. So, before sorry, tabunglah calcium from the outset.

Bone fragility and pain caused a big problem in this country. Ministry of Health noted, the prevalence of osteopenia (early osteoporosis) in Indonesia amounted to 41.7 percent. That means two out of five Indonesian population at risk of osteoporosis.

The figure is higher than the prevalence of the world, ie one in three people at risk of osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis is a systemic disease of low bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue micro-structure, characterized among others by the fragility, vulnerability to fractures.

Osteoporosis is a common disorder of bone metabolism in adults. Lately, there are many studies that have looked at the root of the problem of osteoporosis in childhood. Bones grow and peaked in adulthood.

Childhood is a critical period of bone development. Amounting to 45 percent growth in bone mass occurs at age 00-10 years. At that time, bone grows lengthwise. As a teenager, about 45 percent of adult bone mass is formed up before the age of 18 years.

“As adults, bone mass development continues until the age of 30 years,” said an orthopedic specialist and Traumatology of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Lukman Shebubakar, in the event a media workshop titled “Fulfill The Importance of Calcium Intake on to Optimize Growth of School Age Children” some time ago.

For men, the older bone development. While the time span of bone growth is faster in women.

Conversely, in old age the underlying bone that its velocity exceeds the speed of bone production. Rapid loss of bone is influenced gender, lifestyle, genetic and hormonal status.

In women who give birth and menopause, removal of bone occurs more frequently. Women begin to lose calcium from their bones begin around the age of 40 years and boys from age 60 years.

The main builder

Primary prevention of osteoporosis is to build maximum bone density during childhood and adolescence. Bone growth is influenced by the amount of calcium, phosphorus, and vitamins, especially vitamin D are involved in the absorption of calcium. Another factor is the balance of the hormone.

Calcium is the major mineral-forming bone. Minerals also regulate contraction and relaxation of muscles, are involved in nerve transmission, helps blood clotting, and regulate the body’s hormones and growth factors. Total calcium of about 2 percent of body weight. Amounting to 99 percent is stored in bones and 1 percent in body fluids.

When there is a shortage of calcium, the body will take it from the bones. “Every day we’ve definitely lost as much as 170 mg of calcium lost in the process of secretion through the sweat and urine. Lack of calcium intake at the age of children, adolescents, and adults will be felt after entering old age, “said Lukman.

Standardization Development Section Head Food Consumption Community Nutrition Directorate of the Ministry of Health as well as nutrition experts, IIp Syaiful, said that the amount of nutrient adequacy established the Ministry of Health for children aged 7-9 years is 600 mg of calcium per day and for children aged 10-12 years increased to 1000 mg per day. It needs more than doubled compared with the age of 4-6 years, ie 500 mg of calcium per day.

The problem, he says, one nutritional problem in school-age children is a deficiency of certain substances, including calcium.

When entering the age of six, children begin to show its ability to determine the choice of food and seeing the many food choices outside the home. Children are not easy to start again arranged. Milk is rarely consumed also started.

Absorption of calcium is also a problem when there is deficiency of various other substances. He gave an example, deficiency of vitamin D in active form can affect the absorption of calcium. Oxalic acid and phytic acid can also inhibit calcium absorption.

Excessive protein consumption also causes calcium easily excreted through urine. Once the physical and mental stress also reduces the absorption of minerals. “Basically, every type of food has a role

in balancing the input of nutrients daily. Consumption of food should be diverse, “said IIp.

In order to improve bone health, activities of the child’s body must also be considered. Unfortunately, children are also increasingly limited movement, especially in big cities. More child activities within the home and less active. In fact, exercise influence on bone development.

Lukman said, some exercises to strengthen the bones of the simplest is walking, jogging, climbing stairs, and jump rope. Sports games, like tennis, basketball, soccer, and volleyball, is also good for the bones. Exercises about 30 minutes long with a frequency of more than three times in one week. For children, exercise habits that can be customized with child’s play. Congratulations to play while saving calcium ….

Kompas.com – Allergies can be a benchmark for the progress of a country. The better environmental sanitation and hygiene a people so there was hardly any infection, the higher the incidence of allergies such as asthma.

Allergy is an immune system response to excess of a normally harmless substance, such as food or dust. “Allergic disease is closely related to the immune system of children,” said Professor Sibylle Koletzko, child health experts from Germany.

He added that in recent decades an increase in allergy cases, along with a decrease in the number of infectious diseases, like tuberculosis or measles. “The risk of allergies in children exposed to urban or rural areas alike,” he said in educating the media event of Allergy and Immunity in Jakarta (6 / 7).

There’s an interesting theory about the increasing cases of allergy, namely in countries where high infection rates, lower incidence of allergy. Not rare in developed countries that completely clean and sterile, very high incidence of allergy.

“Children who have a worm infection, is rarely affected by allergies,” he said. According Koletzko exposure, infection makes the body’s immune system is busy to develop allergies.

In simple terms can be explained that appear least associated with allergic T cells, namely a kind of cell that plays a role in the immune response, particularly in identifying a foreign object enters the body and may cause illness.

There are two T cell, called T helper 1 cells (TH 1) and T helper 2 cells (TH 2). Tues TH 1 increase when an infection, while TH 2 when someone allergic. In healthy conditions, the TH 1 and TH 2 in the body in balance.

“The more often a person exposed to infection, the TH1 cells are working and TH 2 cells will be suppressed so that the allergy will not appear. This is what explains why a clean environment allergy cases is low,” said Munawar dr.Zakiudin, Sp.A (K) in the opportunities same.

That’s why is necessary preventive measures to prevent allergies, for example by maintaining a balance condition of the body to the T cells

Stroke is one of the highest causes of death. Even if patients survive, there is the possibility of repetition or complication of stroke that could reduce the disease survival rate of patients up to two years.

“Various studies have shown complications after a stroke are at increased risk of death and disability,” said lead researcher Dr.Keun-Sik Hong, a neurologist from South Korea. In his research, he has shown a link between complications of disease with reduced life expectancy pasisen.

In their study, Hong and his team followed 1200 stroke patients health for several years. Medical patients were evaluated using the method of measuring disability-adjusted life-year (DALY), which were prepared by the WHO to calculate the mortality burden due to illness or disability. By using the DALY, Hong can calculate the approximate age of the lost due to stroke or its complications.

In general, the incidence of post-stroke complications, such as pneumococcal disease or stroke test, would reduce the life expectancy of patients up to two years. Meanwhile, in stroke patients who are not exposed to complications, life expectancy can be up to three to five years.

As many as 34 percent of patients had complications within four weeks post stroke. These complications such as stroke worsening, pneumonia (pneumonia), urinary tract infections, seizures, or heart attack.

The best way to increase life expectancy, says Hong, is to prevent the stroke itself. Stroke risk factors include diabetes mellitus, excessive alcohol consumption, lack of exercise, elevated levels of cholesterol, hypertension, smoking, and obesity. The possibility of stroke will increase due to these factors.

In the United States there are approximately five million people who have suffered a stroke, including four out of five American families. Meanwhile, in Asia particularly in Indonesia, every year, estimated 500 000 people suffered a stroke, about 2.5 percent or 250,000 people died and the remaining minor defects
and weight.

Sure mouth clean by simply brushing your teeth? Do not be hurried sure. With regular brushing our teeth, the tooth surface which is still dirty and untouched get to 40 percent.

Not so, however, if we include flossing in our daily dental care. Flossing is the extension of our hands to reach out to the sidelines and the corners are not covered by dental toothbrushes. Especially at night, when the bacteria were together, flossing is a “weapon” against various disturbances powerful gums and mouth.

If oral hygiene reasons can not convince us, perhaps a reason to save themselves from the risk of heart disease can make us re-think. Research conducted by Columbia University’s Mailman School of Public Health revealed that there is engagement between the severity of the condition of gum disease and increased risk of atherosclerosis or thickening of artery walls.

So the next step, promise to yourself to regular flossing every night or it could be done in the morning provided we can do it thoroughly and do not have a history of gum disease in our families. This was conveyed Gordon L. Douglass, DDS, former president of the American Academy of Periodontology.

If one day we do not want to flossing, then at least gargle with water after brushing your teeth. “This trick is also capable of reducing bacteria,” added Douglass.

excessive consumption of alcohol to get drunk can cause aggressive behavior, even violence. However, this condition appears primarily to people who like to bury her feelings. Thus the conclusion of researchers from Scandinavia.

Link between the emergence of aggressive behavior and alcohol drinking habits is long proven through research in the laboratory. Unfortunately, it was not considered to reflect the real situation. Therefore made a long-term study to determine the impact of alcohol on a person’s behavior.

This latest study is based on a survey of 3000 adults in Norway. The interview is divided into two periods, the first time respondents aged 16-17 years and 21-22 years old when they were.

The respondents were asked how often they were drunk in the last 12 months and there are least violent behavior, like a duel or a fight in the last 12 months. The tendency of respondents to bury her feelings were also asked by the investigators.

Among respondents who harbored feelings of anger, apparently increasing frequency of drinking triggers an increase in violent behavior. In other words, those who like to bury her anger tends more often drunk and in the end more often quarreled.

The literature has shown adverse effects of excessive alcohol consumption, among others, seizures, hallucinations, and brain damage. Up to 70 percent of people who participate in alcohol addiction treatment programs have memory problems and the ability to think clearly